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// Copyright © 2023 HQS Quantum Simulations GmbH. All Rights Reserved.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except
// in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the
// License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either
// express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
//! IBM Devices
//!
//! Provides the devices that are used to execute quantum programs on IBM's devices.
use roqoqo::devices::{GenericDevice, QoqoDevice};
use roqoqo::RoqoqoError;
mod ibm_belem;
pub use crate::devices::ibm_belem::IBMBelemDevice;
mod ibm_jakarta;
pub use crate::devices::ibm_jakarta::IBMJakartaDevice;
mod ibm_lagos;
pub use crate::devices::ibm_lagos::IBMLagosDevice;
mod ibm_lima;
pub use crate::devices::ibm_lima::IBMLimaDevice;
mod ibm_manila;
pub use crate::devices::ibm_manila::IBMManilaDevice;
mod ibm_nairobi;
pub use crate::devices::ibm_nairobi::IBMNairobiDevice;
mod ibm_perth;
pub use crate::devices::ibm_perth::IBMPerthDevice;
mod ibm_quito;
pub use crate::devices::ibm_quito::IBMQuitoDevice;
/// Collection of IBM quantum devices.
///
pub enum IBMDevice {
IBMLagosDevice(IBMLagosDevice),
IBMNairobiDevice(IBMNairobiDevice),
IBMPerthDevice(IBMPerthDevice),
IBMBelemDevice(IBMBelemDevice),
IBMJakartaDevice(IBMJakartaDevice),
IBMLimaDevice(IBMLimaDevice),
IBMManilaDevice(IBMManilaDevice),
IBMQuitoDevice(IBMQuitoDevice),
}
impl IBMDevice {
/// Returns the IBM's identifier.
///
/// # Returns
///
/// A str of the name IBM uses as identifier.
pub fn name(self) -> &'static str {
match self {
IBMDevice::IBMLagosDevice(x) => x.name(),
IBMDevice::IBMNairobiDevice(x) => x.name(),
IBMDevice::IBMPerthDevice(x) => x.name(),
IBMDevice::IBMBelemDevice(x) => x.name(),
IBMDevice::IBMJakartaDevice(x) => x.name(),
IBMDevice::IBMLimaDevice(x) => x.name(),
IBMDevice::IBMManilaDevice(x) => x.name(),
IBMDevice::IBMQuitoDevice(x) => x.name(),
}
}
/// Setting the gate time of a single qubit gate.
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `gate` - hqslang name of the single-qubit-gate.
/// * `qubit` - The qubit for which the gate time is set.
/// * `gate_time` - gate time for the given gate.
pub fn set_single_qubit_gate_time(
&mut self,
gate: &str,
qubit: usize,
gate_time: f64,
) -> Result<(), RoqoqoError> {
match self {
IBMDevice::IBMLagosDevice(x) => x.set_single_qubit_gate_time(gate, qubit, gate_time),
IBMDevice::IBMNairobiDevice(x) => x.set_single_qubit_gate_time(gate, qubit, gate_time),
IBMDevice::IBMPerthDevice(x) => x.set_single_qubit_gate_time(gate, qubit, gate_time),
IBMDevice::IBMBelemDevice(x) => x.set_single_qubit_gate_time(gate, qubit, gate_time),
IBMDevice::IBMJakartaDevice(x) => x.set_single_qubit_gate_time(gate, qubit, gate_time),
IBMDevice::IBMLimaDevice(x) => x.set_single_qubit_gate_time(gate, qubit, gate_time),
IBMDevice::IBMManilaDevice(x) => x.set_single_qubit_gate_time(gate, qubit, gate_time),
IBMDevice::IBMQuitoDevice(x) => x.set_single_qubit_gate_time(gate, qubit, gate_time),
}
}
/// Setting the gate time of a two qubit gate.
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `gate` - hqslang name of the two-qubit-gate.
/// * `control` - The control qubit for which the gate time is set.
/// * `target` - The target qubit for which the gate time is set.
/// * `gate_time` - gate time for the given gate.
pub fn set_two_qubit_gate_time(
&mut self,
gate: &str,
control: usize,
target: usize,
gate_time: f64,
) -> Result<(), RoqoqoError> {
match self {
IBMDevice::IBMLagosDevice(x) => {
x.set_two_qubit_gate_time(gate, control, target, gate_time)
}
IBMDevice::IBMNairobiDevice(x) => {
x.set_two_qubit_gate_time(gate, control, target, gate_time)
}
IBMDevice::IBMPerthDevice(x) => {
x.set_two_qubit_gate_time(gate, control, target, gate_time)
}
IBMDevice::IBMBelemDevice(x) => {
x.set_two_qubit_gate_time(gate, control, target, gate_time)
}
IBMDevice::IBMJakartaDevice(x) => {
x.set_two_qubit_gate_time(gate, control, target, gate_time)
}
IBMDevice::IBMLimaDevice(x) => {
x.set_two_qubit_gate_time(gate, control, target, gate_time)
}
IBMDevice::IBMManilaDevice(x) => {
x.set_two_qubit_gate_time(gate, control, target, gate_time)
}
IBMDevice::IBMQuitoDevice(x) => {
x.set_two_qubit_gate_time(gate, control, target, gate_time)
}
}
}
/// Adds qubit damping to noise rates.
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `qubit` - The qubit for which the dampins is added.
/// * `daming` - The damping rates.
pub fn add_damping(&mut self, qubit: usize, damping: f64) -> Result<(), RoqoqoError> {
match self {
IBMDevice::IBMLagosDevice(x) => x.add_damping(qubit, damping),
IBMDevice::IBMNairobiDevice(x) => x.add_damping(qubit, damping),
IBMDevice::IBMPerthDevice(x) => x.add_damping(qubit, damping),
IBMDevice::IBMBelemDevice(x) => x.add_damping(qubit, damping),
IBMDevice::IBMJakartaDevice(x) => x.add_damping(qubit, damping),
IBMDevice::IBMLimaDevice(x) => x.add_damping(qubit, damping),
IBMDevice::IBMManilaDevice(x) => x.add_damping(qubit, damping),
IBMDevice::IBMQuitoDevice(x) => x.add_damping(qubit, damping),
}
}
/// Adds qubit dephasing to noise rates.
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `qubit` - The qubit for which the dephasing is added.
/// * `dephasing` - The dephasing rates.
pub fn add_dephasing(&mut self, qubit: usize, dephasing: f64) -> Result<(), RoqoqoError> {
match self {
IBMDevice::IBMLagosDevice(x) => x.add_dephasing(qubit, dephasing),
IBMDevice::IBMNairobiDevice(x) => x.add_dephasing(qubit, dephasing),
IBMDevice::IBMPerthDevice(x) => x.add_dephasing(qubit, dephasing),
IBMDevice::IBMBelemDevice(x) => x.add_dephasing(qubit, dephasing),
IBMDevice::IBMJakartaDevice(x) => x.add_dephasing(qubit, dephasing),
IBMDevice::IBMLimaDevice(x) => x.add_dephasing(qubit, dephasing),
IBMDevice::IBMManilaDevice(x) => x.add_dephasing(qubit, dephasing),
IBMDevice::IBMQuitoDevice(x) => x.add_dephasing(qubit, dephasing),
}
}
/// Converts the device to a qoqo GenericDevice.
///
/// # Returns
///
/// * `GenericDevice` - The converted device.
/// * `RoqoqoError` - The error propagated from adding gate times and decoherence rates.
pub fn to_generic_device(&self) -> Result<GenericDevice, RoqoqoError> {
let mut new_generic_device = GenericDevice::new(self.number_qubits());
// Gate times
for gate in self.single_qubit_gate_names() {
for qubit in 0..self.number_qubits() {
if let Some(x) = self.single_qubit_gate_time(gate.as_str(), &qubit) {
new_generic_device.set_single_qubit_gate_time(gate.as_str(), qubit, x)?;
}
}
}
for gate in self.two_qubit_gate_names() {
for (control, target) in self.two_qubit_edges() {
if let Some(x) = self.two_qubit_gate_time(gate.as_str(), &control, &target) {
new_generic_device.set_two_qubit_gate_time(
gate.as_str(),
control,
target,
x,
)?;
}
}
for (control, target) in self.two_qubit_edges() {
if let Some(x) = self.two_qubit_gate_time(gate.as_str(), &target, &control) {
new_generic_device.set_two_qubit_gate_time(
gate.as_str(),
target,
control,
x,
)?;
}
}
}
// for gate in self.multi_qubit_gate_names() {} // - skipped here as none of the devies have multi-qubit gates
// Decoherence rates
for qubit in 0..self.number_qubits() {
if let Some(x) = self.qubit_decoherence_rates(&qubit) {
new_generic_device.set_qubit_decoherence_rates(qubit, x)?;
}
}
Ok(new_generic_device)
}
}
/// Implements the Device trait for IBMDevice.
///
/// Defines standard functions available for roqoqo-iqm devices.
impl QoqoDevice for IBMDevice {
/// Returns the gate time of a single qubit operation if the single qubit operation is available on device.
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `hqslang` - The hqslang name of a single qubit gate.
/// * `qubit` - The qubit the gate acts on.
///
/// # Returns
///
/// * `Some<f64>` - The gate time.
/// * `None` - The gate is not available on the device.
///
fn single_qubit_gate_time(&self, hqslang: &str, qubit: &usize) -> Option<f64> {
match self {
IBMDevice::IBMLagosDevice(x) => x.single_qubit_gate_time(hqslang, qubit),
IBMDevice::IBMNairobiDevice(x) => x.single_qubit_gate_time(hqslang, qubit),
IBMDevice::IBMPerthDevice(x) => x.single_qubit_gate_time(hqslang, qubit),
IBMDevice::IBMBelemDevice(x) => x.single_qubit_gate_time(hqslang, qubit),
IBMDevice::IBMJakartaDevice(x) => x.single_qubit_gate_time(hqslang, qubit),
IBMDevice::IBMLimaDevice(x) => x.single_qubit_gate_time(hqslang, qubit),
IBMDevice::IBMManilaDevice(x) => x.single_qubit_gate_time(hqslang, qubit),
IBMDevice::IBMQuitoDevice(x) => x.single_qubit_gate_time(hqslang, qubit),
}
}
/// Returns the names of a single qubit operations available on the device.
///
/// # Returns
///
/// * `Vec<String>` - The list of gate names.
///
fn single_qubit_gate_names(&self) -> Vec<String> {
match self {
IBMDevice::IBMLagosDevice(x) => x.single_qubit_gate_names(),
IBMDevice::IBMNairobiDevice(x) => x.single_qubit_gate_names(),
IBMDevice::IBMPerthDevice(x) => x.single_qubit_gate_names(),
IBMDevice::IBMBelemDevice(x) => x.single_qubit_gate_names(),
IBMDevice::IBMJakartaDevice(x) => x.single_qubit_gate_names(),
IBMDevice::IBMLimaDevice(x) => x.single_qubit_gate_names(),
IBMDevice::IBMManilaDevice(x) => x.single_qubit_gate_names(),
IBMDevice::IBMQuitoDevice(x) => x.single_qubit_gate_names(),
}
}
/// Returns the gate time of a two qubit operation if the two qubit operation is available on device.
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `hqslang` - The hqslang name of a two qubit gate.
/// * `control` - The control qubit the gate acts on.
/// * `target` - The target qubit the gate acts on.
///
/// # Returns
///
/// * `Some<f64>` - The gate time.
/// * `None` - The gate is not available on the device.
///
fn two_qubit_gate_time(&self, hqslang: &str, control: &usize, target: &usize) -> Option<f64> {
match self {
IBMDevice::IBMLagosDevice(x) => x.two_qubit_gate_time(hqslang, control, target),
IBMDevice::IBMNairobiDevice(x) => x.two_qubit_gate_time(hqslang, control, target),
IBMDevice::IBMPerthDevice(x) => x.two_qubit_gate_time(hqslang, control, target),
IBMDevice::IBMBelemDevice(x) => x.two_qubit_gate_time(hqslang, control, target),
IBMDevice::IBMJakartaDevice(x) => x.two_qubit_gate_time(hqslang, control, target),
IBMDevice::IBMLimaDevice(x) => x.two_qubit_gate_time(hqslang, control, target),
IBMDevice::IBMManilaDevice(x) => x.two_qubit_gate_time(hqslang, control, target),
IBMDevice::IBMQuitoDevice(x) => x.two_qubit_gate_time(hqslang, control, target),
}
}
/// Returns the names of a two qubit operations available on the device.
///
/// # Returns
///
/// * `Vec<String>` - The list of gate names.
///
fn two_qubit_gate_names(&self) -> Vec<String> {
match self {
IBMDevice::IBMLagosDevice(x) => x.two_qubit_gate_names(),
IBMDevice::IBMNairobiDevice(x) => x.two_qubit_gate_names(),
IBMDevice::IBMPerthDevice(x) => x.two_qubit_gate_names(),
IBMDevice::IBMBelemDevice(x) => x.two_qubit_gate_names(),
IBMDevice::IBMJakartaDevice(x) => x.two_qubit_gate_names(),
IBMDevice::IBMLimaDevice(x) => x.two_qubit_gate_names(),
IBMDevice::IBMManilaDevice(x) => x.two_qubit_gate_names(),
IBMDevice::IBMQuitoDevice(x) => x.two_qubit_gate_names(),
}
}
/// Returns the gate time of a three qubit operation if the three qubit operation is available on device.
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `hqslang` - The hqslang name of a two qubit gate.
/// * `control` - The control qubit the gate acts on.
/// * `target` - The target qubit the gate acts on.
///
/// # Returns
///
/// * `Some<f64>` - The gate time.
/// * `None` - The gate is not available on the device.
///
fn three_qubit_gate_time(
&self,
hqslang: &str,
control_0: &usize,
control_1: &usize,
target: &usize,
) -> Option<f64> {
match self {
IBMDevice::IBMLagosDevice(x) => {
x.three_qubit_gate_time(hqslang, control_0, control_1, target)
}
IBMDevice::IBMNairobiDevice(x) => {
x.three_qubit_gate_time(hqslang, control_0, control_1, target)
}
IBMDevice::IBMPerthDevice(x) => {
x.three_qubit_gate_time(hqslang, control_0, control_1, target)
}
IBMDevice::IBMBelemDevice(x) => {
x.three_qubit_gate_time(hqslang, control_0, control_1, target)
}
IBMDevice::IBMJakartaDevice(x) => {
x.three_qubit_gate_time(hqslang, control_0, control_1, target)
}
IBMDevice::IBMLimaDevice(x) => {
x.three_qubit_gate_time(hqslang, control_0, control_1, target)
}
IBMDevice::IBMManilaDevice(x) => {
x.three_qubit_gate_time(hqslang, control_0, control_1, target)
}
IBMDevice::IBMQuitoDevice(x) => {
x.three_qubit_gate_time(hqslang, control_0, control_1, target)
}
}
}
/// Returns the gate time of a multi qubit operation if the multi qubit operation is available on device.
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `hqslang` - The hqslang name of a multi qubit gate.
/// * `qubits` - The qubits the gate acts on.
///
/// # Returns
///
/// * `Some<f64>` - The gate time.
/// * `None` - The gate is not available on the device.
///
fn multi_qubit_gate_time(&self, hqslang: &str, qubits: &[usize]) -> Option<f64> {
match self {
IBMDevice::IBMLagosDevice(x) => x.multi_qubit_gate_time(hqslang, qubits),
IBMDevice::IBMNairobiDevice(x) => x.multi_qubit_gate_time(hqslang, qubits),
IBMDevice::IBMPerthDevice(x) => x.multi_qubit_gate_time(hqslang, qubits),
IBMDevice::IBMBelemDevice(x) => x.multi_qubit_gate_time(hqslang, qubits),
IBMDevice::IBMJakartaDevice(x) => x.multi_qubit_gate_time(hqslang, qubits),
IBMDevice::IBMLimaDevice(x) => x.multi_qubit_gate_time(hqslang, qubits),
IBMDevice::IBMManilaDevice(x) => x.multi_qubit_gate_time(hqslang, qubits),
IBMDevice::IBMQuitoDevice(x) => x.multi_qubit_gate_time(hqslang, qubits),
}
}
/// Returns the names of a multi qubit operations available on the device.
///
/// The list of names also includes the three qubit gate operations.
///
/// # Returns
///
/// * `Vec<String>` - The list of gate names.
///
fn multi_qubit_gate_names(&self) -> Vec<String> {
match self {
IBMDevice::IBMLagosDevice(x) => x.multi_qubit_gate_names(),
IBMDevice::IBMNairobiDevice(x) => x.multi_qubit_gate_names(),
IBMDevice::IBMPerthDevice(x) => x.multi_qubit_gate_names(),
IBMDevice::IBMBelemDevice(x) => x.multi_qubit_gate_names(),
IBMDevice::IBMJakartaDevice(x) => x.multi_qubit_gate_names(),
IBMDevice::IBMLimaDevice(x) => x.multi_qubit_gate_names(),
IBMDevice::IBMManilaDevice(x) => x.multi_qubit_gate_names(),
IBMDevice::IBMQuitoDevice(x) => x.multi_qubit_gate_names(),
}
}
/// Returns the matrix of the decoherence rates of the Lindblad equation.
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `qubit` - The qubit for which the rate matrix is returned.
///
/// # Returns
///
/// * `Some<Array2<f64>>` - The decoherence rates.
/// * `None` - The qubit is not part of the device.
///
fn qubit_decoherence_rates(&self, qubit: &usize) -> Option<ndarray::Array2<f64>> {
match self {
IBMDevice::IBMLagosDevice(x) => x.qubit_decoherence_rates(qubit),
IBMDevice::IBMNairobiDevice(x) => x.qubit_decoherence_rates(qubit),
IBMDevice::IBMPerthDevice(x) => x.qubit_decoherence_rates(qubit),
IBMDevice::IBMBelemDevice(x) => x.qubit_decoherence_rates(qubit),
IBMDevice::IBMJakartaDevice(x) => x.qubit_decoherence_rates(qubit),
IBMDevice::IBMLimaDevice(x) => x.qubit_decoherence_rates(qubit),
IBMDevice::IBMManilaDevice(x) => x.qubit_decoherence_rates(qubit),
IBMDevice::IBMQuitoDevice(x) => x.qubit_decoherence_rates(qubit),
}
}
/// Returns the number of qubits the device supports.
///
/// # Returns
///
/// `usize` - The number of qubits in the device.
///
fn number_qubits(&self) -> usize {
match self {
IBMDevice::IBMLagosDevice(x) => x.number_qubits(),
IBMDevice::IBMNairobiDevice(x) => x.number_qubits(),
IBMDevice::IBMPerthDevice(x) => x.number_qubits(),
IBMDevice::IBMBelemDevice(x) => x.number_qubits(),
IBMDevice::IBMJakartaDevice(x) => x.number_qubits(),
IBMDevice::IBMLimaDevice(x) => x.number_qubits(),
IBMDevice::IBMManilaDevice(x) => x.number_qubits(),
IBMDevice::IBMQuitoDevice(x) => x.number_qubits(),
}
}
/// Return a list of longest linear chains through the device.
///
/// Returns at least one chain of qubits with linear connectivity in the device,
/// that has the maximum possible number of qubits with linear connectivity in the device.
/// Can return more that one of the possible chains but is not guaranteed to return
/// all possible chains. (For example for all-to-all connectivity only one chain will be returned).
///
/// # Returns
///
/// * `Vec<Vec<usize>>` - A list of the longest chains given by vectors of qubits in the chain.
///
fn longest_chains(&self) -> Vec<Vec<usize>> {
match self {
IBMDevice::IBMLagosDevice(x) => x.longest_chains(),
IBMDevice::IBMNairobiDevice(x) => x.longest_chains(),
IBMDevice::IBMPerthDevice(x) => x.longest_chains(),
IBMDevice::IBMBelemDevice(x) => x.longest_chains(),
IBMDevice::IBMJakartaDevice(x) => x.longest_chains(),
IBMDevice::IBMLimaDevice(x) => x.longest_chains(),
IBMDevice::IBMManilaDevice(x) => x.longest_chains(),
IBMDevice::IBMQuitoDevice(x) => x.longest_chains(),
}
}
/// Return a list of longest closed linear chains through the device.
///
/// Returns at least one chain of qubits with linear connectivity in the device ,
/// that has the maximum possible number of qubits with linear connectivity in the device.
/// The chain must be closed, the first qubit needs to be connected to the last qubit.
/// Can return more that one of the possible chains but is not guaranteed to return
/// all possible chains. (For example for all-to-all connectivity only one chain will be returned).
///
/// # Returns
///
/// * `Vec<Vec<usize>>` - A list of the longest chains given by vectors of qubits in the chain.
///
fn longest_closed_chains(&self) -> Vec<Vec<usize>> {
match self {
IBMDevice::IBMLagosDevice(x) => x.longest_closed_chains(),
IBMDevice::IBMNairobiDevice(x) => x.longest_closed_chains(),
IBMDevice::IBMPerthDevice(x) => x.longest_closed_chains(),
IBMDevice::IBMBelemDevice(x) => x.longest_closed_chains(),
IBMDevice::IBMJakartaDevice(x) => x.longest_closed_chains(),
IBMDevice::IBMLimaDevice(x) => x.longest_closed_chains(),
IBMDevice::IBMManilaDevice(x) => x.longest_closed_chains(),
IBMDevice::IBMQuitoDevice(x) => x.longest_closed_chains(),
}
}
/// Returns the list of pairs of qubits linked with a native two-qubit-gate in the device.
///
/// A pair of qubits is considered linked by a native two-qubit-gate if the device
/// can implement a two-qubit-gate between the two qubits without decomposing it
/// into a sequence of gates that involves a third qubit of the device.
/// The two-qubit-gate also has to form a universal set together with the available
/// single qubit gates.
///
/// The returned vectors is a simple, graph-library independent, representation of
/// the undirected connectivity graph of the device.
/// It can be used to construct the connectivity graph in a graph library of the users
/// choice from a list of edges and can be used for applications like routing in quantum algorithms.
///
/// # Returns
///
/// * `Vec<(usize, usize)>` - A list of pairs of qubits linked with a native two-qubit-gate in
/// the device.
///
fn two_qubit_edges(&self) -> Vec<(usize, usize)> {
match self {
IBMDevice::IBMLagosDevice(x) => x.two_qubit_edges(),
IBMDevice::IBMNairobiDevice(x) => x.two_qubit_edges(),
IBMDevice::IBMPerthDevice(x) => x.two_qubit_edges(),
IBMDevice::IBMBelemDevice(x) => x.two_qubit_edges(),
IBMDevice::IBMJakartaDevice(x) => x.two_qubit_edges(),
IBMDevice::IBMLimaDevice(x) => x.two_qubit_edges(),
IBMDevice::IBMManilaDevice(x) => x.two_qubit_edges(),
IBMDevice::IBMQuitoDevice(x) => x.two_qubit_edges(),
}
}
}